Ground-motion prediction equations for constant-strength and constant-ductility input energy spectra
In this study, new ground motion prediction equations are proposed for both constant-ductility and constant-strength absolute and relative input energy spectra. The proposed equations are developed using mixed-effects models calibrated through empirical regressions of inelastic responses derived from nonlinear dynamic analyses on single-degree-of-freedom systems subjected to a large number of strong ground motions.