A deep learning integrated Lee-Carter model
In the field of mortality, the Lee–Carter based approach can be considered the milestone
to forecast mortality rates among stochastic models. We could define a “Lee–Carter model family”
that embraces all developments of this model, including its first formulation (1992) that remains the
benchmark for comparing the performance of future models. In the Lee–Carter model, the kt parameter,
describing the mortality trend over time, plays an important role about the future mortality behavior.