Performance improvement in direct methanol fuel cells by using CaTiO3-δ additive at the cathode
A non-stoichiometric calcium titanate CaTiO3-δ (CTO) was synthesized and used as oxygen reduction reaction co-catalyst (together with Pt/C) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), equipped with a composite cathode formulation (Pt/C:CTO1:1), was investigated in DMFC, using a 2 M methanol solution at the anode and oxygen at the cathode, and compared with an MEA equipped with a benchmark Pt/C cathode catalyst.