Nonlinear dynamic analysis of thin-walled structures adopting a mixed beam finite element model with out-of-plane cross-section warping
This paper focuses on the dynamic response of thin-walled structural elements. A mixed three-dimensional (3D) beam formulation is adopted, that includes the effect of inertia forces under dynamic loading conditions and accounts for out-of-plane cross-section warping. This is introduced by adding a specific displacement field to those due to rigid body motions, and is interpolated in the element volume with the definition of specific shape functions. The element governing equations are derived by expressing the Lagrangian functional in terms of four independent fields, i.e.