Objectives: Exact symmetry and perfect balance between opposite jaw halves, as well as between antagonistic teeth, is not frequently observed in natural masticatory systems. Research results show that asymmetry in our body, skull, and jaws is often related to genetic, epigenetic, environmental and individual ontogenetic factors.
Introduzione: L’inquadramento in regime di ricovero ospedaliero della gravità della disfagia orofaringea (DO) mediante test di screening migliora la gestione del paziente, stabilendo precocemente il corretto approccio dietetico e prevenendo complicanze respiratorie. Sono stati proposti numerosi test basati sulla evocazione del riflesso della tosse all’ assunzione di acqua, con una specificità del 50–88% ed una sensibilità del 27–85%.
Supracricoid laryngectomies (SCLs) are conservative surgical techniques for the treatment of selected laryngeal carcinomas and are considered an organ-sparing alternative to total laryngectomy and chemo-radiotherapy. The main characteristics of SCLs are the preservation of the main laryngeal functions as respiration, phonation and swallowing, without a permanent tracheostomy.
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