Ricerc@Sapienza

Introduction: Asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) is a disease that is difficult to diagnose in people living with HIV (PLWH). The European Guidelines on the management of syphilis suggest that ANS should be suspected and thus the lumbar puncture (LP) should be performed in cases of (1) late syphilis (acquired >2 years previously), (2) CD4+ cells ≤ 350/mm3 and/or a serum Venereal Disease Research Laboratory/Rapid Plasma Reagin (VDRL/RPR) title > 1:32, (3) “serological failure” after syphilis therapy, and (4) the use of alternative treatment for syphilis.

Background: To date, very little information is available concerning the relationship between acanthosis nigricans (AN) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can suppress the HIV-1 replication but is not able to eradicate the virus due to the existence of viral reservoirs. Optimal virological suppression remains often an ideal goal since some patients may show persistent plasma residual viremia (RV). To date, it is unclear if RV may be regarded as an indication of the potency and tolerability of the regimen, adherence, drug resistance, and pharmacokinetics. Recent studies have shown that other factors, closely related to host,