biofilm

Poloxamer 338 affects cell adhesion and biofilm formation in escherichia coli: Potential applications in the management of catheter-associated urinary tract infections

Poloxamers are nontoxic, amphiphilic copolymers used in different formulations. Due to its surfactant properties, Poloxamer 338 (P388) is herein proposed as a strategy to avoid biofilm formation often causing recalcitrant catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). The aim is to evaluate the ability of P388 coatings to affect the adhesion of Ec5FSL and Ec9FSL Escherichia coli strains on silicone urinary catheters.

Staphylococcus aureus and the cutaneous microbiota biofilms in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis

Biofilm is the dominant mode of growth of the skin microbiota, which promotes adhesion and persistence in the cutaneous microenvironment, thus contributing to the epidermal barrier function and local immune modulation. In turn, the local immune microenvironment plays a part in shaping the skin microbiota composition. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an immune disorder characterized by a marked dysbiosis, with a sharp decline of microbial diversity.

Anti-candidal activity and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of graphene nanoplatelets decorated with zinc oxide nanorods

Candida albicans is the most common pathogenic fungus that is isolated in nosocomial infections in medically and immune-compromised patients. The ability of C. albicans to convert its form from yeast to hyphal morphology contributes to biofilm development that effectively shelters Candida against the action of antifungals molecules. In the last years, nanocomposites are the most promising solutions against drug-resistant microorganisms.

Machine learning analyses on data including essential oil chemical composition and in vitro experimental antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus species.

Biofilm resistance to antimicrobials is a complex phenomenon, driven not only by genetic mutation induced resistance, but also by means of increased microbial cell density that supports horizontal gene transfer across cells. The prevention of biofilm formation and the treatment of existing biofilms is currently a difficult challenge; therefore, the discovery of new multi-targeted or combinatorial therapies is growing.

Chromatographic analyses, in vitro biological activities, and cytotoxicity of Cannabis sativa L. essential oil: a multidisciplinary study

Due to renewed interest in the cultivation and production of Italian Cannabis sativa L., we
proposed a multi-methodological approach to explore chemically and biologically both the essential
oil and the aromatic water of this plant. We reported the chemical composition in terms of
cannabinoid content, volatile component, phenolic and flavonoid pattern, and color characteristics.
Then, we demonstrated the ethnopharmacological relevance of this plant cultivated in Italy as a

Candida blood stream infections observed between 2011 and 2016 in a large Italian University Hospital: A time-based retrospective analysis on epidemiology, biofilm production, antifungal agents consumption and drug-susceptibility

Candida bloodstream infection (BSI) represents a growing infective problem frequently associated to biofilm production due to the utilization of intravascular devices. Candida species distribution (n = 612 strains), their biofilm production and hospital antifungal drug consumption were evaluated in different wards of a tertiary care academic hospital in Italy during the years 2011–2016. In the considered time window, an increasing number of Candida BSI (p = 0.005) and of biofilm producing strains were observed (p<0.0001). Although C.

Genetic basis and physiological effects of lipid a hydroxylation in pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Modifications of the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide influence the physicochemical properties of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Some bacteria produce lipid A with a single hydroxylated secondary acyl chain. This hydroxylation is catalyzed by the dioxygenase LpxO, and is important for resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (e.g., polymyxins), survival in human blood, and pathogenicity in animal models.

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