Subculture politiche e geografia elettorale. La (ex?) zona rossa
In the sociological and political science literature, Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria and Marche shape "the Red Zone" (Trigilia 1981; Baccetti Messina 2009; Caciagli 2017). The Red Zone is a wide area in the center of Italy, where the values of the leftist political culture are so widespread among the people as to inhibit a real electoral competition between left and right parties’ candidates. Scholars analyze the electoral data in the Red Regions to investigate the existence and the persistence of a political culture based on Communist values.