The facial ontogeny of Neanderthals and H. sapiens
While morphological differences between H. sapiens , i.e. Anatomically Modern Humans, and Neanderthals are well known in adults, it is much less clear when and how they arise during ontogeny [1, 2, 3, 4]. While most workers agree that major aspects of their differences are already established in neonates, there is some disagreement about whether differences are further accentuated through divergence and changes in length of postnatal ontogenetic trajectories [5]. Beyond this, how regions of the developing cranium interact during ontogeny in both species and how they differ is limited.