Ricerc@Sapienza

HBV reactivation (HBVr) can occur due to the ability of HBV to remain latent in the liver as covalently closed circular DNA and by the capacity of HBV to alter the immune system of the infected individuals. HBVr can occur in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with a clinical spectrum that ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant hepatic failure. The risk of HBVr is determined by a complex interplay between host immunity, virus factors, and immunosuppression related to HSCT. All individuals who undergo HSCT should be screened for HBV.

Natural Killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in the immunosurveillance of Multiple Myeloma
(MM), but it is still undefined whether the NK cell functional properties underlying their protective
activity against MM are confined to distinct NK cell populations. Interestingly, herein we report that
the CD56lowCD16low NK cell subset displayed higher cytolytic activity compared to the other NK cell
subsets (i.e., CD56highCD16+/, CD56lowCD16high) against MM cells and its activity was impaired in

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I), a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase enzyme, results in the progressive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and consequent multiorgan dysfunction. Despite the effectiveness of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in correcting clinical manifestations related to visceral organs, complete improvement of musculoskeletal and neurocognitive defects remains an unmet challenge and provides an impact on patients' quality of life.

Background: The impact of ABO incompatibility between recipient and donor on the outcome of hemato- poietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), on the immune- hematologic (IH) complications and on the role of IH monitoring before and after HSCT are still debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ABO mismatch on the development of immediate and late IH complica- tions, DFS, OS, GVHD and TRM. Moreover, we analyzed the efficacy of the protocol used at the“Sapienza”University of Rome to manage ABO incompatibility in patients undergoing a HSCT.