Ricerc@Sapienza

Infections in hospitals still have a high incidence and many of them could be avoided through better welfare standards. To try to overcome them, a strategy based on prevention is needed, but cleaning, disinfection and sterilization procedures are also a key tool. It is important to provide for all healthcare professionals a constant update and the creation of protocols that take into account the technical, scientific and economic aspects, but also specific operational needs, so that the proposed solutions can be applied in daily routines.

Objectives/Hypothesis: During intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, endotracheal
(ET) tube migration can result in a decrease in vocalis electromyographic (EMG) amplitude without a concordant latency
elevation during stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN).
Study Design: Retrospective review.
Methods: Data were reviewed retrospectively for thyroid and parathyroid surgery patients with IONM of the laryngeal

PURPOSE:
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy has become an accepted procedure for the treatment of selected cases of lung cancer. The aim of this project was to establish national practical recommendations for the management of patients suitable for VATS lobectomy.

This article is part of an international forum on raceand racism published by the Journal of Anthropological Sciences and edited by Alan Goodman of the New Hampshire College (USA). The paper presents an overview of the use and meaning of the term "human race" among Italian scholars, both on the biological and cultural side, in a historical perspective. The theme is also contextualized with respect to political and social current events.

Purpose: Sexual well-being and sexual functioning are understudied in patients born with ARM. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate sexual history, main fears, and problems encountered during sexual relationships. Methods: Before participating in a sexual education intervention, 21 adolescents or young adults (12 males; mean 28.8; SD 10.6) born with ARM, answered a ten-item questionnaire specifically developed to evaluate sexual well-being. Percentages and Chi-square were calculated. Results: 52.4% were married/had a partner.

Absorption, the ability to highly focus attention, as well as openness to self-altering experiences, is an important psychological construct, closely related to deep-meditation states and other altered states of consciousness. Yet, little is known about the electrophysiological profile of states of absorption, possibly due to the difficulty to induce this state in the lab.

In the study of the electrophysiological correlates of attention, a phasic change in alertness has been classically related to a negative frontal-central shift called Contingent Negative Variation (CNV). Studies investigating the effects of meditation on the CNV in participants reporting frequent transcendental experiences (TE) reported reduced CNV in choice reaction time task (CRT), and increased CNV in simple reaction time task (SRT), suggesting that meditation can induce a more balanced attentional state.

Epidemiological data indicate that risk behaviors are among the leading causes of adolescent morbidity and mortality worldwide. Consistent with this, laboratory-based studies of age differences in risk behavior allude to a peak in adolescence, suggesting that adolescents demonstrate a heightened propensity, or inherent inclination, to take risks. Unlike epidemiological reports, studies of risk taking propensity have been limited to Western samples, leaving questions about the extent to which heightened risk taking propensity is an inherent or culturally constructed aspect of adolescence.

To examine whether the cultural normativeness of parents' beliefs and behaviors moderates the links between those beliefs and behaviors and youths' adjustment, mothers, fathers, and children (N = 1,298 families) from 12 cultural groups in 9 countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States) were interviewed when children were, on average, 10 years old and again when children were 12 years old.

Our behavior entails a flexible and context-sensitive interplay between brain areas to integrate information according to goal-directed requirements. However, the neural mechanisms governing the entrainment of functionally specialized brain areas remain poorly understood. In particular, the question arises whether observed changes in the regional activity for different cognitive conditions are explained by modifications of the inputs to the brain or its connectivity?