Immunogenicity of polyethylene glycol based nanomedicines: mechanisms, clinical implications and systematic approach
PEGylation technique is currently considered the gold standard approach to provide a long and safe circulation of drugs. Although this is the accepted dogma, various clinical reports and animal studies show the occurrence of immunogenic responses against polyethylene glycol (PEG) after systemic injection. These side effects, associated with complement activation and/or anti-PEG antibody production, result in hypersensitivity reactions and lack of therapeutic efficacy of the drug during clinical protocols.