microbiota | Ricerc@Sapienza

Challenges in the management of HIV infection. Update on the role of probiotic supplementation as a possible complementary therapeutic strategy for cART treated people living with HIV/AIDS

Introduction: Recent insights show that gut-mucosal immunity and intestinal microbiota play a key role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Alterations in the composition of intestinal flora (dysbiosis) could be associated with an impaired intestinal epithelium barrier activity and an impaired mucosal immunity function, significantly contributing to microbial translocation which is considered a major driver of chronic immune activation. Areas covered: This article provides an overview on the novel trends in probiotic therapy application.

High abundance of genus Prevotella is associated with dysregulation of IFN-I and T cell response in HIV-1-infected patients

OBJECTIVE: HIV-1-associated dysbiosis is most commonly characterized by overall decreased diversity, with abundance of the genus Prevotella, recently related to inflammatory responses. DESIGN: A pilot study including 10 antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-1-infected men and 50 uninfected controls was performed to identify the main gut dysbiosis determinants (e.g. Prevotella enrichment), that may affect mucosal antiviral defenses and T cell immunity in HIV-1-infected individuals.