Disturbances in fear-evoked signal transduction in the hippocampus (HP), the nuclei of the amygdala (AMY), and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) underlie anxiety-related disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain elusive.
Rationale: The endocannabinoid and the endogenous opioid systems interact in the modulation of social play behavior, a highly rewarding social activity abundantly expressed in young mammals. Prolonged exposure to opioid or cannabinoid receptor agonists induces cross-tolerance or cross-sensitization to their acute behavioral effects.
In forensic cases, dried blood spot (DBS) collection and analysis for the detection of substances of abuse can give important information about the psycho-physical condition of the victim or the aggressor at the time of the crime. Nevertheless, morphine determination and stability in DBSs realized with post-mortem blood has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, a sensitive and specific gas chromatography with mass spectrometry method for morphine identification and quantification in post- mortem DBSs was developed and validated.
The potential consequences of drug-drug interaction on the strategies adopted by anti-doping laboratories to report an adverse analytical finding for morphine were investigated. We evaluated in vitro the effects of 14 drugs on the principal metabolic pathways of morphine. The selected drugs are among those most commonly used by the athletes, none of them presently included in the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List.
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