Ricerc@Sapienza

The main diagnostic tools for primary and metastatic central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the anamnestic neurological examination and the imaging tests, which are expensive and lack specificity. In recent years, the shell of macromolecules which forms on nanoparticles (NPs) when they are exposed to human blood, also known as hard corona (HC), became a powerful tool in diagnostics. Indeed, HC can act as a "nano-concentrator" of serum proteins and can detect minor changes in the protein concentration at the very early stages of disease development.

Oral cavity carcinoma (OCC) remains an ongoing public health problem. Emerging nanotechnology provides alternative treatment approaches. This review covers the up-to-date literature in the human OCC treatment field. We explored the growing body of evidence to reveal novel and highly promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications of nanotechnology in this field. Various types of nanoparticles have been tested for applications in OCC. Imaging modalities in addition to nanocarriers are discussed.

Identification of nanoparticles and nanosystems into cells and biological matrices is a hot research topic in nanobiotechnologies. Because of their capability to map physical properties (mechanical, electric, magnetic, chemical, or optical), several scanning probe microscopy based techniques have been proposed for the subsurface detection of nanomaterials in biological systems.

The development of high spatial resolution and element sensitive magnetic characterization techniques
to quantitatively measure magnetic parameters of individual nanoparticles (NPs) and deeply understand
and tune their magnetic properties is a hot topic in nanomagnetism. Magnetic force microscopy (MFM),
thanks to its high lateral resolution, appears as a promising technique for the magnetic characterization of
single nano-sized materials although it is still limited by some drawbacks, especially by the presence of

Application of nanotechnologies to cancer therapy might increase solubility and/or bioavailability of bioactive compounds of natural or synthetic origin and offers other potential benefits in cancer therapy, including selective targeting. In the present review we aim to evaluate in vivo studies on the anticancer activity of nanoparticles (NPs) obtained from food-derived flavonoids. From a systematic search a total of 60 studies were identified.

Lung cancer (LC) is the most common type of cancer and the second cause of death worldwide in men and women after cardiovascular diseases. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent type of LC occurring in 85% of cases. Developing new methods for early detection of NSCLC could substantially increase the chances of survival and, therefore, is an urgent task for current research. Nowadays, explosion in nanotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities for therapeutics and diagnosis applications.