Ricerc@Sapienza

Effective treatment options in advanced/progressive/metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are currently limited. As in other neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has been used as a therapeutic option in MTC. To date, however, there are no published reviews dealing with PRRT approaches. We performed an in-depth narrative review on the studies published in this field and collected information on registered clinical trials related to this topic.

Head and neck paragangliomas are the most common clinical features of familial paraganglioma syndrome type 1 caused by succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D (SDHD) mutation. The clinical management of this syndrome is still unclear. In this study we propose a diagnostic algorithm for SDHD mutation carriers based on our family case series and literature review. After genetic diagnosis, first evaluation should include biochemical examination and whole-body imaging. In case of lesion detection, nuclear medicine examination is required for staging and tumor characterization.

Owing to the heterogeneity of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), the availability of
reliable circulating markers is critical for improving diagnostics, prognostic stratification,
follow-up and definition of treatment strategy. This review is focused on chromogranin A
(CgA), a hydrophilic glycoprotein present in large dense core vesicles of neuroendocrine
cells. Despite being long identified as the most useful NEN-related circulating marker,
clinical application of CgA is controversial. CgA assays still lack standardization, thus