Ricerc@Sapienza

BACKGROUND:
Reconstruction options following nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are diverse and not yet investigated with level IA evidence. The analysis of surgical and oncological outcomes of NSM from the Italian National Registry shows its safety and wide acceptance both for prophylactic and therapeutic cases. A further in-depth analysis of the reconstructive approaches with their trend over time and their failures is the aim of this study.
METHODS:

Glioblastoma is a solid, infiltrating, and the most frequent highly malignant primary brain tumor.

Treatments for gynecological cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. However, overall survival is not improved, and novel approaches are needed. Immunotherapy has been proven efficacious in various types of cancers and multiple approaches have been recently developed. Since numerous gynecological cancers are associated to human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, therapeutic vaccines, targeting HPV epitopes, have been developed.

Despite different treatment strategies, locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) persists as one of the most incurable cancers among women worldwide. In fact, this setting of patients are at high risk of persistent and recurrent disease. In recent years, researches have investigated immune check-point inhibitors in hopes of determining improved response to therapy with prolongation of survival. We reviewed the published literature and conference proceedings and presented pivotal trials supporting immune check-point inhibitors use in the treatment of CC.

Recently, Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are one of the most intensively studied group of antiblastic agents for the management of recurrent ovarian cancer. Among this family, Olaparib was the first to be approved by European Medicines Agency as maintenance therapy post-response to platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer in women with deleterious BRCA1/2 mutation. Following that, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Olaparib monotherapy as fourth or later line of treatment in advanced ovarian cancer with deleterious germ-line BRCA1/2 mutation.

Due to substantial improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of gynaecologic cancers, a better understanding of patient care needs to be revised. We reviewed the literature related to fertility preservation strategies in gynaecological cancer and discussed current general management approaches. New technical modalities and patients’ own desire for motherhood should be integral and paramount in the clinical evaluation to significantly contribute to preserving fertility in those women diagnosed with gynaecologic cancers during the reproductive years.

Treatment of ovarian cancer (OC) is a challenge and its poor prognosis still remains a problem of major importance. Due to the lack of early and specific symptoms, the vast majority of women are diagnosed with an advanced stage disease. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of OC screening program in asymptomatic women on clinical outcomes.

Background: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been tested in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), but its effect on breast cancer (BC) risk has never been appraised using meta-analysis comparison. We performed the first meta-analysis aimed to clarify whether HRT after RRSO could negatively impact on BC risk in women carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Methods and material: Pubmed and Scopus databases were searched to retrieve articles written in the English language.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences between the old and the new Gleason score classification systems in upgrading and downgrading rates. Materials and methods: Between 2012 and 2015, we identified 9703 patients treated with retropubic radical prostatectomy (RP) in four tertiary centers. Biopsy specimens as well as radical prostatectomy specimens were graded according to both 2005 Gleason and 2014 ISUP five-tier Gleason grading system (five-tier GG system). Upgrading and downgrading rates on radical prostatectomy were first recorded for both classifications and then compared.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) in predicting disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among surgically treated patients with vulvar carcinoma. The secondary aim is to evaluate its impact as a predictor of the pattern of recurrence. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated data of patients that underwent surgical treatment for vulvar cancer from 1998 to 2016.