Improving accuracy of LEO objects Two-Line Elements through optical measurements
Two-Line Elements (TLEs) of LEO objects, consisting in the object orbital parameters released by the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), are often characterized by low accuracy and short-term reliability. This is mostly due to sparse tracking data and relevant contribution of either unmodeled or poorly modelled perturbations of the orbital dynamics. Frequent updates of the dynamic state estimate are necessary for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) analyses and reliable orbit propagation.