Ricerc@Sapienza

Background: Several articles have proposed reference values in healthy paediatric subjects, but none of them has evaluated a large population of healthy trained adolescents. Design: The study purpose was to establish normal echocardiographic measurements of left heart (aortic root, left atrium and left ventricular dimensions and mass) in relation to age, weight, height, body mass index, body surface area and training hours in this specific population.

Purpose: The KOOS questionnaire is used to assess the symptoms and function of patients with traumatic or degenerative knee pathology. The WOMAC score has been validated mainly in the context of knee osteoarthritis. The distribution of these scores in a non-diseased population is not known. The hypothesis was that KOOS and WOMAC scores were influenced by patients’ age, sex, and BMI. The primary objective of this study was to describe, for the first time, the distribution of KOOS and WOMAC scores in a healthy population based on age, sex, and BMI.

The aims of the present studywere to establish reference values useful in monitoring Lithium(Li) treatment and
to trace environmental Li exposure profiles in paediatric age.
A cross-sectional studywas conducted on a group of healthy Italian children aged 5–11. Data on possible predictors
were assessed through a questionnaire, and Li levels in morning and evening urinary samples were determined
by ICP-MS technique.
The reference intervals for the evening and morning samples were respectively 3.8–51.9 μg L−1 or