Ricerc@Sapienza

The Directive 2014/94/UE (DAFI, Alternative Fuel Initiative Directive) on the deployment of alternative fuels (i.e. hydrogen) infrastructures has been recently transposed into national law in Italy. Consequently, the technical regulation on fire prevention for H2fuelling stations has been updated, in order to consider the current maximum delivery pressure (700 bar) of gaseous hydrogen for road vehicles. This technical regulation establishes the prescriptive safety distance from a piece of equipment.

In the present paper a statistical analysis of accidents data on hazardous materials pipeline failures has been
carried out to identify the most common causes and consequences of release and to derive the distribution of
their probability of occurrence as a function of a number of parameters. The analysis has included three classes
of materials among those most commonly transported via pipeline (crude oil, natural gas and oil refined products):
differences and similarities have been highlighted and, where possible, explained. Particular attention

The transportation of hazardous materials via pipelines is often considered a safer alternative to other transportation modalities such as railway, road and ship. However, pipelines often cross industrial and highly populated areas, so that their failure can pose a significant risk to the surrounding environment and the exposed population: the possible release of flammable and/or toxic materials in such areas can generate catastrophic events with very severe consequences.

Offshore Oil&Gas is an industrial sector where risk assessment and management has a pivotal role. Moreover, the installation of Floating Production Storage and Off-loading units (FPSOs) in remote regions may hide the emergence of unexpected risks due to emergency and rescue difficulties caused by harsh climate. For this reason, the Norwegian Petroleum Safety Authority (PSA) is committed to ensure appropriate safety monitoring and management within the petroleum sector.

The paper starts from the introduction of the safety management systems, as tools for the continuous improvement of rail safety performances and for the processes to identify the most effective measures to prevent accidents. The focus is on the level crossings, largely representing the most dangerous elements of the railway networks. The scope is the setup of an effective methodology for ranking the level crossings in view of the prioritization of actions to reduce the risks on intersections between rail and road.