Ricerc@Sapienza

We introduce the concept of third-order Riemann pulses in nonlinear optical fibers. These pulses are generated when properly tailored input pulses propagate through optical fibers in the presence of higher-order dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity. The local propagation speed of these optical wave packets is governed by their local amplitude, according to a rule that remains unchanged during propagation. Analytical and numerical results exhibit a good agreement, showing controllable pulse steepening and subsequent shock wave formation.

Experiments and theory have rapidly progressed on nonlinear optical extreme waves, showing that guided wave nonlinear optics and fiber lasers provide a relatively simple, accessible and controllable test bed for the observations and accurate statistical studies of extreme wave phenomena that obey the same universal rules, which apply to a large ensemble of different physical systems.

We report on the generation of third-order Riemann pulses in nonlinear optical fiber, obtained by tailoring the initial pulse in presence of high-order dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity. Analytical and numerical results show controllable pulse steepening and shock formation

We experimentally demonstrate 2D quadratic extreme events, appearing and disappearing without a trace. Besides the spontaneous formation of self-guided bicolor solitary waves, ultrafast spatial switching, cascaded events and pulse reshaping are observed.

Optical rogue waves are a class of pulses with extremely large amplitudes, whose probability of occurrence unexpectedly deviates from Gaussian-law statistics. To date, the mechanisms of rogue wave generation are still debated: investigations are under way, exploring the statistics of various pulse dimensions across different physical domains. Although polarization is one of the fundamental parameters of optical rogue waves, its statistics have received little attention until recently.