Stability and change of basic personal values in early adolescence: A 2-year longitudinal study
OBJECTIVE: We examined patterns of change and stability in the whole set of ten Schwartz values over two years during early adolescence. METHOD: Participants completed the Portrait Values Questionnaire repeatedly throughout the junior high school years. The study involved six waves of data and a total of 382 respondents aged 10 years at the first measurement occasion (43% female). We investigated multiple types of stability in the values: mean-level, rank-order, and ipsative stability. RESULTS: At the mean-level, self-enhancement and openness to change values increased in importance.