This editorial refers to ‘Genetic aetiology of blood pressure relates to aortic stiffness with bi-directional causality: evi- dence from heritability, blood pressure polymorphisms, and Mendelian randomization’, by M. Ceceljaa et al., doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa238.
Type I interferon (IFN) response initially limits HIV-1 spread and may delay disease progression by stimulating several immune system components. Nonetheless, persistent exposure to type I IFN in the chronic phase of HIV-1 infection is associated with desensitization and/or detrimental immune activation, thereby hindering immune recovery and fostering viral persistence. This review provides a basis for understanding the complexity and function of IFN pleiotropic activity in HIV-1 infection.
In this study, we investigated the role of CD39 on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ TILs) in colorectal, head and neck and pancreatic cancers. Partially confirming recent observations correlating the CD39 expression with T cell exhaustion, we demonstrated a divergent functional activity in CD39+CD8+ TILs. On the one hand, CD39+CD8+ TILs (as compared with their CD39– counterparts) produced significantly lower IFN- and IL-2 amounts, expressed higher PD-1, and inversely correlated with perforin and granzyme B expression.
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