Klinefelter syndrome, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes: review of literature and clinical perspectives
01 Pubblicazione su rivista
Salzano, Andrea, D', Assante, Roberta, Heaney, Liam M, Monaco, Federica, Rengo, Giuseppe, Valente, Pietro Erasmo Antonio, Pasquali, Daniela, Bossone, Eduardo, Gianfrilli Daniele, Lenzi Andrea, Cittadini, Antonio, Marra, Alberto M, Napoli, Raffaele
ISSN: 1355-008X
Klinefelter syndrome (KS), the most frequent chromosomic abnormality in males, is associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The mechanisms involved in increasing risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are not completely understood. This review summarises the current understandings of the complex relationship between KS, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in order to plan future studies and improve current strategies to reduce mortality in this high-risk population.