Oleuropein, a component of extra virgin olive oil, lowers postprandial glycaemia in healthy subjects
Aims: Extra virgin olive oil lowers postprandial glycaemia. We investigated if oleuropein, a component of extra virgin olive oil, exerts a similar effect on postprandial glycaemia and the underlying mechanism. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were randomly allocated in a cross-over design to 20 mg oleuropein or placebo immediately before lunch. Postprandial glycaemia along with blood insulin, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and glucagon-like peptide-1 and oxidative stress, which included soluble NADPH oxidase-derived peptide activity (sNox2-dp), 8-iso-prostaglandin-2α and platelet p47phoxphosphorylation, were analysed before and 2 h after meal. Results: After 2 h, subjects who assumed oleuropein had significantly lower blood glucose, DPP-4 activity and higher insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 compared to placebo. Furthermore, sNox2-dp, 8-iso-PGF2α and platelet p47phoxphosphorylation were significantly lower in oleuropein- compared to placebo-treated subjects. DPP-4 significantly correlated with sNox2-dp [Spearman's rho (Rs) = 0.615; P