Evaluation of the prospects of biodegradation of cellulose-containing waste from Krasnokamsk woodworking enterprise (Perm region) based on the study of their physical and chemical properties and microbiota
Biodegradation of plant waste is a fundamental biological process of the circulation of organic substances in nature, which allows heterotrophic microorganisms to use a polymer organic substrate formed by photosynthetic macroorganisms. The ability to degradation high-molecular components of wood have various prokaryotes and fungi. The accumulation of a large amount of bark and pulp wastes from the paper and woodworking industry is the serious environmental problem despite the fack that enzyme systems which could utilize raw vegetable materials are widespread in nature. The main methods of wood waste processing in Russia are storage and incineration (after dehydration), while biodegradation of wood waste is not used enough. The purpose of the work was to study the environmental conditions and microbiological processes in the wood waste material of Krasnokamsk woodworking enterprise (Perm region), as well as to isolate microorganisms which could destruct wood waste components. An elemental analysis of wood waste samples from different depths showed a deficiency of nutrients, in particular a nitrogen source in the form of NH4+ cation or N?3– anion, a source of phosphorus in the form of ??43–
anion, which is likely the reason of the low speed of biodegradation in deep layers of wood waste. The predominance of bacteria with cellulolyticus activity (7,8×108 CFU / g – 6,3×109 CFU / g) and lignolytics (2,9×108 CFU / g – 9,7×108 CFU / g), as well as micromycetes Trichoderma virida, Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces variotia was shown in the surface layers of the wood waste.