Ricerc@Sapienza

In the past years, many attempts have been made in order to model the process of bone remodeling. This process is complex, as it is governed by not yet completely understood biomechanical coupled phenomena. It is well known that bone tissue is able to self-adapt to different environmental demands of both mechanical and biological origin. The mechanical aspects are related to the functional purpose of the bone tissue, i.e., to provide support to the body and protection for the vitally important organs in response to the external loads.

In this review paper, some relevant models, algorithms, and approaches conceived to describe the bone tissue mechanics
and the remodeling process are showcased. Specifically, we briefly describe the hierarchical structure of the bone at
different levels and underline the geometrical substructure characterizing the bone itself. The mechanical models adopted
to describe the bone tissue at different levels of observation are introduced in their essential aspects. Furthermore, the