Ricerc@Sapienza

Low age-specific serum levels of AMH, indicating a reduced ovarian reserve, were observed in 12% of long-standing T1D patients, 10% of endometriosis infertile patients and 4% of healthy women. The prevalence of low circulating AMH levels was very similar between T1D and endometriosis infertile patients (12% vs 10%, p>0.05, respectively), whereas the prevalence of reduced ovarian reserve was significantly higher in T1D group compared to control group (12% vs 4%, p<0.05, respectively) and in endometriosis infertile group compared to control group (10% vs 4% p<0.02, respectively).

Even if it is supposed damage of repeated ART (assisted reproductive technology) cycles on oocyte pool, there is still no evidence in literature. Aim of the study is to investigate whether infertile women who undergo to several ART cycles can show a lower ovarian reserve measured by AMH (Anti-Mullerian hormone) levels.

It is commonly accepted that testicular function is prevalently regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: The pulsatile secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus induces pituitary expression of the two gonadotropins FSH and LH, which then stimulate Sertoli and Leydig cells, respectively, therefore regulating steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. However, a growing body of evidence has recently suggested that other hormones act on the reproductive tract since the early phases of fetal development.