Ricerc@Sapienza

Background The role of microRNAs dysregulation in tobacco cigarette smoking-induced vascular damage still needs to be clarified. We assessed the acute effects of tobacco cigarette smoking on endothelial cell-related circulating microRNAs in healthy subjects. In addition, we investigated the potential role of microRNAs in smoking-dependent endothelial cell damage. Methods and Results A panel of endothelial-related microRNAs was quantified in healthy subjects before and after smoking 1 tobacco cigarette. Serum levels of miR-155 were found to be significantly increased shortly after smoking.

Background: Pasta is a refined carbohydrate with a low glycemic index. Whether pasta shares the metabolic advantages of other low glycemic index foods has not really been investigated. The aim of this study is to document, in people with type-2 diabetes, the consumption of pasta, the connected dietary habits, and the association with glucose control, measures of adiposity, and major cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: We studied 2562 participants. The dietary habits were assessed with the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) questionnaire.

Lifestyle advice and interventions for cardiovascular risk reduction: A systematic review of guidelines.

Objective Current guidelines recommend precautionary disqualification from competitive sports in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We assessed the incidence of cardiovascular events in a cohort of patients with HCM engaged in long-term exercise programmes and competitive sport. Methods We reviewed data on 88 consecutive athletes diagnosed with HCM, from 1997 to 2017; 92 male, 98 Caucasian, median age 31 (IQR: 19-44) years. All participated in regular exercise programmes and competitive sport at study entry. We performed follow-up evaluation after 7±5 (1-21) years.

Evolutionary pressure produced 2 master regulators of physiological homeostasis: the nervous system and the immune system. The nervous system evolved to integrate physiological functions and control changes in homeostasis. Neural signals establish reflex responses, perceive disturbances in the environment (internal or external), and elicit activation of the afferent arc (ie, the neural circuit that transfers information from the periphery to the brain).

Background: Low-grade incomplete post-dexamethasone cortisol suppression in patients with adrenal incidentalomas – recently defined as possible autonomous cortisol secretion (pACS) – has been associated with increased cardiovascular events and mortality. However, prospective studies documenting cardiac abnormalities in these patients are lacking. Subjects and methods: Between July 2016 and September 2017, 71 consecutive patients with adrenal lesions were prospectively screened for hypercortisolism by dexamethasone suppression test (NCT 02611258).

Klinefelter syndrome (KS), the most frequent chromosomic abnormality in males, is associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The mechanisms involved in increasing risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are not completely understood. This review summarises the current understandings of the complex relationship between KS, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in order to plan future studies and improve current strategies to reduce mortality in this high-risk population.