Ricerc@Sapienza

In normal old (Nold) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) persons, a high cognitive reserve (CR) makes them more resistant and resilient to brain neuropathology and neurodegeneration. Here, we tested whether these effects may affect neurophysiological oscillatory mechanisms generating dominant resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms in Nold and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD (ADMCI). Data in 60 Nold and 70 ADMCI participants, stratified in higher (Edu+) and lower (Edu-) educational attainment subgroups, were available in an Italian-Turkish archive.

Physical frailty and sarcopenia (PF&S) is a prototypical geriatric condition characterized by reduced physical function and low muscle mass. The multifaceted pathophysiology of this condition recapitulates all hallmarks of aging making the identification of specific biomarkers challenging. In the present study, we explored the relationship among three processes that are thought to be involved in PF&S (i.e., systemic inflammation, amino acid dysmetabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction).

Epithelial thyroid cancers (TC) comprise two differentiated histotypes (DTC), the papillary (PTC) and the follicular (FTC) TC which, following dedifferentiation, progress toward the poorly differentiated TC (PDTC) and the highly aggressive anaplastic TC (ATC). Even though thyroid cancer mortality did not change, its annual incidence has increased over the last two decades, largely due to the improved ability to diagnose malignant transformation in small non-palpable thyroid nodules.

The determination of the function of cells in zero-gravity conditions is a subject of interest in many different research fields. Due to their metabolic unicity, the characterization of the behaviour of erythrocytes maintained in prolonged microgravity conditions is of particular importance. Here, we used a 3D-clinostat to assess the microgravity-induced modifications of the structure and function of these cells, by investigating how they translate these peculiar mechanical stimuli into modifications, with potential clinical interest, of the biochemical pathways and the aging processes.

AIM:
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) represents the morphofunctional interface between muscle and nerve. Several chronic pathologies such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, display altered NMJ and functional denervation. However, the triggers and the molecular mechanisms underlying the dismantlement of NMJ remain unclear.
RESULTS:

To grow old well is not simple in our society. To grow old successfully and be bisexual it is a kind of challenge. Negative attitudes toward bisexuals have been documented among heterosexuals as well as homosexuals. Older bisexual adults may then experience various forms of discrimination which will lead to marginalization and invisibility. Forming and maintaining a bisexual identity in a sexually dichotomous culture is a complex and difficult task that calls for resilience to counter the isolation. Older bisexuals have many different types of relationships.

Aging seems to be associated with impairment of attentional network functioning. It is not known whether social information can modulate this age-related decline. We used three variants of Attention Network test to examine the age-related decline of attentional effects in response to stimuli with and without social-cognitive content. Three groups of younger, middle-aged, and older participants performed the ANT, using fish, drawings, or photographs of faces looking to the left or right as target and flanker stimuli.

Abstract
Background: In recent years, mechanistic, epidemiologic, and interventional studies have indicated beneficial
effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) against brain aging and age-related cognitive decline,
with the most consistent effects against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) confined especially in the early or prodromal
stages of the pathology.
In the present study, we investigated the action of n-3 PUFA supplementation on behavioral performances and

We have entered an era of a steep increase in the absolute and relative number of older
people. This well-come phenomenon represents a major challenge for health care. However, maturational
changes in sleep associated with aging do not easily appear as main factors, even though
sleep alterations in the aging process lead to many detrimental consequences. In this editorial paper,
we summarize the present knowledge about the main aging-related sleep modifications and their

Background and objectives: Electrical risk score (ERS) has been proposed as easy, inexpensive test to stratify of
sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk in subjects with normal left ventricular function. Potentially, aging, gender
and drugs can influence ERS affecting two on six electrical markers, particularly, those based on the repolarization.
Aim of this study was to establish aging, gender and drug therapy possible influences on ERS and mortality
in elderly patients.